ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate anterior segment parameters in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) using Scheimpflug imaging. Methods: Forty-three PXS patients and 43 healthy control subjects were included in this cross-sectional study. All participants underwent a detailed ophthalmologic examination. Anterior segment parameters were measured using a Scheimpflug system. Results: Considering the PXS and control groups, the mean corneal thicknesses at the apex point (536 ± 31 and 560 ± 31 µm, respectively, p=0.001), at the center of the pupil (534 ± 31 and 558 ± 33 µm, respectively, p=0.001), and at the thinnest point (528 ± 30 and 546 ± 27 µm, respectively, p=0.005) were significantly thinner in PXS patients. Visual acuity was significantly lower (0.52 ± 0.37 versus 0.88 ± 0.23, p<0.001) and axial length was significantly longer (23.9 ± 0.70 mm versus 23.2 ± 0.90 mm, p=0.001) in the PXS eyes than in the control eyes. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean values of keratometry, anterior chamber angle, anterior chamber depth, corneal volume, and anterior chamber volume between the PXS and control eyes. Conclusions: The patients with PXS had thinner corneas, worse visual acuity, and longer axial length compared with those in the healthy controls.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os parâmetros do segmento anterior em pacientes com síndrome de pseudoexfoliação (PXS) utilizando imagens de Scheimpflug. Métodos: Quarenta e três pacientes com PXS e 43 indivíduos saudáveis foram incluídos neste estudo transversal. Todos os participantes foram submetidos ao exame oftalmológico detalhado. Parâmetros do segmento anterior foram medidos por sistema de Scheimpflug. Resultados: Considerando os grupos PXS e controle, respectivamente, as espessuras médias da espessura corneana no ápice (536 ± 31 µm e 560 ± 31 µm, p=0,001), no centro da pupila (534 ± 31 µm e 558 ± 33 µm, p=0,001), e no ponto mais fino (528 ± 30 µm e 546 ± 27 µm, p=0,005), foram significativamente mais finas em pacientes com PXS. A acuidade visual foi significativamente menor (0,52 ± 0,37 contra 0,88 ± 0,23, p<0,001) e comprimento axial foi significativamente maior (23,9 ± 0,70 milímetros contra 23,2 ± 0,90 milímetros, p=0,001) em olhos com PXS comparados com os olhos controle. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre PXS e controle olhos em valores médios de ceratometria, ângulo da câmara anterior, profundidade da câmara anterior, volume da córnea e volume de câmara anterior. Conclusões: Os pacientes com PXS tem córneas mais finas, pior acuidade visual, e maior comprimento axial em comparação com controles saudáveis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Exfoliation Syndrome/pathology , Anterior Eye Segment/pathology , Organ Size , Reference Values , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Visual Acuity , Case-Control Studies , Glaucoma/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Exfoliation Syndrome/diagnostic imaging , Statistics, Nonparametric , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Axial Length, Eye/pathology , Intraocular Pressure , Anterior Eye Segment/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
ABSTRACTPurpose:To evaluate central corneal thickness (CCT) and peripheral corneal thickness (PCT) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to assess the relationships among the corneal parameters, dry eye disease, and clinical variables of RA.Methods:A total of 58 RA patients and 58 control subjects participated in this study. A detailed ophthalmological examination was performed on each subject. Dry eye evaluation was performed using Schirmer’s test, tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining, and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Corneal thickness at the apex point, the center of the pupil, the thinnest point, and PCT (3 mm from the apex to the superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal locations) were evaluated using Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam®). Additionally, the relative peripheral index (RPI) was calculated by dividing the PCT by the CCT. The disease severity and quality of life were evaluated with DAS28 and HAQ, respectively. The laboratory evaluation comprised ESR and CRP.Results:The mean corneal thicknesses at the apex point, the center of the pupil, the thinnest point, and the superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal points were significantly thinner in RA patients than controls. Schirmer’s test scores and TBUT were significantly lower, and corneal staining and OSDI scores were significantly higher in RA patients. There were no significant correlations between the corneal parameters and the clinical variables of RA or dry eye tests.Conclusion:The CCT and PCT were thinner in RA patients compared to those in control subjects. However, there were no significant correlations between the corneal parameters and the clinical variables of RA or dry eye tests.
RESUMOObjetivo:Avaliar da espessura central da córnea (CCT) e espessura corneana periférica (PCT) em pacientes com artrite reumatoide (RA). O segundo objetivo foi avaliar as relações entre os parâmetros de córnea, doença do olho seco e variáveis clínicas da RA.Método:Um total de 58 pacientes com RA e 58 indivíduos do grupo controle participaram deste estudo. Exame oftalmológico detalhado foi realizado para cada indivíduo. Avaliação do olho seco foi realizada por meio do teste de Schirmer, tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal (TBUT), coloração com fluoresceína da córnea e do índice de doença da superfície ocular (OSDI). Espessura da córnea no ápice, centro da pupila e ponto mais fino, assim como PCT (três milímetros do ápice para localização superior, inferior, nasal e temporal) foram avaliadas por meio de imagens Scheimpflug (Pentacam®). Além disso, o índice periférico relativo (RPI) foi calculado dividindo-se a PCT pela CCT. A gravidade da doença e qualidade de vida foram avaliados com DAS28 e HAQ respectivamente. A avaliação laboratorial foi composta por VHS e PCR.Resultados:As espessuras de córnea médias no ápice, centro da pupila, ponto mais fino, assim como nos pontos superior, inferior, nasal e temporal foram significativamente mais finas em pacientes com RA do que nos controles. Os resultados dos testes de Schirmer e TBUT foram significativamente menores e a coloração por fluoresceína e o OSDI foram significativamente maiores em pacientes com RA. Não houve correlações significativas entre os parâmetros da córnea e variáveis clínicas da RA ou testes de olho seco.Conclusões:A espessura corneana central e periférica foram mais finas em pacientes com RA em comparação com indivíduos controle. Não houve correlações significativas entre os parâmetros da córnea e variáveis clínicas da AR ou testes de olho seco.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology , Cornea/pathology , Corneal Topography/methods , Dry Eye Syndromes/diagnosis , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Cornea/physiopathology , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Dry Eye Syndromes/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Introduction: Melatonin has been considered a potent antioxidant that detoxifi es a variety of reactive oxygen species in many pathophysiological states of eye. The present study was designed to determine the eff ects of Wi-Fi exposure on the lens oxidant, antioxidant redox systems, as well as the possible protective effects of melatonin on the lens injury induced by electromagnetic radiation (EMR). Materials and Methods: Thirty-two rats were used in the current study and they were randomly divided into four equal groups as follows: First and second groups were cage-control and sham-control rats. Rats in third group were exposed to Wi-Fi (2.45 GHz) for duration of 60 min/day for 30 days. As in the third group, the fourth group was treated with melatonin. The one-hour exposure to irradiation in second, third and fourth took place at noon each day. Results: Lipid peroxidation levels in the lens were slightly higher in third (Wi-Fi) group than in cage and sham control groups although their concentrations were signifi cantly (P < 0.05) decreased by melatonin supplementation. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was signifi cantly (P < 0.05) lower in Wi-Fi group than in cage and sham control groups although GSH-Px (P < 0.01) and reduced glutathione (P < 0.05) values were signifi cantly higher in Wi-Fi + melatonin group than in Wi-Fi group. Conclusions: There are poor oxidative toxic eff ects of one hour of Wi-Fi exposure on the lens in the animals. However, melatonin supplementation in the lens seems to have protective eff ects on the oxidant system by modulation of GSH-Px activity.
ABSTRACT
Ligneous conjunctivitis (LC) is a rare form of bilateral chronic recurrent disease in which thick membranes form on the palpebral conjunctiva and other mucosal sites. We report the clinical features and describe the management of two cases. Case 1 was an 8-month-old patient with bilateral membranous conjunctivitis. Case 2 was a 5-year-old patient with unilateral membranous conjunctivitis, esotropia, mechanical ptosis and complicated cataract, and had been treated with a number of medications. Histological investigation of the membrane in both cases showed LC. Treatments with amniotic membrane transplantation and institution of topical cyclosporine have shown good response. There has been complete resolution of the membranes with no recurrence at the end of 40- and 28-month follow-ups, respectively. No treatment related side effects were seen. Thus, it appears that amniotic membrane transplantation and topical cyclosporine are effective alternatives for the treatment of LC.